Heat oil in a large skillet over medium-high. Cook asparagus, tossing often, until stalks are bright green, blistered in spots, and tender, about 5 minutes.
Stir chile, soy sauce, lime juice, honey, sesame oil, and ginger in a small bowl to combine. Drizzle over asparagus in the pan and let cook for about 1 min. Remove from pan and plate on a platter. Sprinkle with chopped peanuts.